FAQ Level 3 Award in Immediate Response Emergency Care (RQF) - IREC® Blended Part One
Course Content
- Course Introduction
- Principles of Ambulance Service First Responder Care
- Responsibilities of the First Responder
- The Importance of Being Physically and Mentally Fit to Perform the Role
- Protecting Yourself from Potentially Malicious Allegations
- Methods of Continuing Professional Development
- Asking permission and consent to help
- The Hazards that Pose a Risk to Personal Safety
- Actions to Manage Conflict
- Facts And Information About Abuse
- What causes someone to be vulnerable?
- Who might abuse or neglect
- Who Is A Vulnerable Adult?
- Abuse and its Indicators
- Duty of care
- What is Duty of Candour?
- Why is Duty of Candour Important?
- When Things Go Wrong
- Working as Part of a Team
- The purpose of the Equality Act 2010
- Types of discrimination
- Protected characteristics
- Human anatomy and physiology for immediate emergency care
- Assessment of casualties in immediate emergency care
- Complex Scene safety scenario
- Assessing a Major Incident Scene
- DRCA(c)BCDE
- Calling the Emergency Services
- What3Words - location app
- Alternative emergency phone numbers
- Introduction to Initial Patient Care
- Consent to help
- Fears of First Aid
- Waiting for the E.M.S to arrive
- Chain of Survival
- How to use face shields
- Hand Washing
- Waterless hand gels
- Medications and First Aid
- The Ten Second Triage Tool
- Using The Ten Second Triage Tool
- How are 999 Calls Handled
- Basic airway management in emergency care
- Respiration and Breathing
- Postural Drainage
- Peak Flow
- Pocket Masks
- Pocket Mask with Oxygen
- Bag Valve Mask Equipment
- Using a BVM
- Respiratory Injuries Part Three
- Respiratory Injuries Part Four
- Choking Statistics
- Choking Recognition
- Adult Choking
- Choking in children
- Infant Choking
- Trauma from Choking
- Vulnerable People and Choking
- Basic life support and external defibrillation
- Adult CPR Introduction
- RCUK & ERC Resus Guidelines
- When to call for assistance
- Three Steps to Save a Life (2025)
- Cardiac Arrest and CPR Overview
- Adult CPR
- CPR Hand Over
- Compressions Only CPR
- Mouth to Stoma Ventilations
- CPR and the female casualty
- Cardiac Arrest and Pregnancy
- Paediatric Airway
- Child CPR
- Adolescent CPR
- Infant CPR
- Infant Recovery Position
- Cardiac Arrest and the Drowned Patient
- Drowning
- SADS
- Effective CPR
- Improving compressions
- Improving breaths
- AED Introduction
- Types of AED Units
- AED Setup
- How to Use an AED
- Using an AED on an adolescent
- Child AED
- Using an AED on an infant
- Update on AED pad placement
- AED Maintenance
- AED Pads
- AED Batteries
- AED Troubleshooting
- AED Locations
- Community AED Units
- AED Post Resuscitation Procedures
- CPR Risks
- Advanced Decision and DNR CPR in Basic Life Support
- Recognition and Management of Life Extinct
- Post Resusitation Care
- Real time CPR scenario
- ROSC Care
- Paediatric Triage and Assessment
- Management of medical conditions
- Asthma
- Asthma Spacers
- When an Asthma inhaler is not available
- Accuhaler®
- Heart Attack
- Warning signs of cardiac arrest and heart attack
- Heart Attack Position
- Aspirin and the Aspod
- Stable angina
- Hypertension
- Pulse Oximetry
- Epilepsy
- Epilepsy treatment
- Meningitis
- Diabetes
- Blood Sugar Testing
- Poisons and Food Poisoning
- Near and secondary drowning
- Cold water shock
- Shock
- Distributive Shock
- Obstructive Shock
- Pneumothorax
- Types of Pneumothorax
- Tension Pneumothorax
- Intoxicated casualties
- Administration of Medications
- Support the emergency care of wounds, bleeding and burns
- The Pulse
- Capillary Refill
- The Healing Process
- Types of Bleed
- Serious Bleeding
- Ambulance Dressings
- Excessive Blood Loss
- Excessive Bleeding Control
- Blood Loss - A Practical Demonstration
- Embedded Objects
- Knife Wounds
- Trauma and Standard Dressings
- Using trauma dressings
- Amputation Treatment
- Blast Injuries
- Hemostatic Dressing or Tourniquet?
- Air Wrap Dressings
- RapidStop Tourniquet
- CAT Tourniquets
- SOFT-T tourniquet
- STAT Tourniquets
- Improvised Tourniquets
- Tourniquets and Where to Use Them
- Damage caused by tourniquets
- When Tourniquets Don't Work - Applying a Second
- Hemostatic Dressings
- What is Woundclot?
- Woundclot trauma gauze
- How Does Woundclot Work
- Woundclot and knife injuries
- Woundclot and large areas
- Packing a Wound with Celox Z Fold Hemostatic Dressing
- Celox A
- Celox Granules
- Monitoring a Patient
- Coagulopathy
- Burns and burn kits
- Treating a burn
- Management of injuries
- Prioritising first aid
- Pelvic Injuries
- Spinal Injuries
- Rapid Extrication
- SAM Pelvic Sling
- Box Splints
- Spinal Injury
- Opening the airway Jaw Thrust
- Stabilising the spine
- Spinal Recovery Position
- Introduction to Spinal Boards
- The spinal board
- Using the Spinal Board
- The Scoop Stretcher
- Using the scoop stretcher
- Cervical collars
- Vertical C-Spine Immobilisation
- Joint examination
- Adult fractures
- Types of fracture
- Horizontal Slings
- Management of trauma
- Elevated Slings
- Lower limb immobilisation
- Elevation Techniques
- Helmet Removal
- Different Types of Helmets
- The Carry Chair
- Applying Plasters
- Strains and Sprains and the RICE procedure
- Eye Injuries
- Electrical Injuries
- Foreign objects in the eye, ears or nose
- Nose bleeds
- Bites and stings
- Chest Injuries
- Foxseal chest seals
- Abdominal Injuries
- Treating Snake Bites
- Types of head injury and consciousness
- ACVPU
- Dislocated Shoulders and Joints
- Other Types of Injury
- Dental Injuries
- Trauma Scenario Examples
- Recognition and management of anaphylaxis
- What is Anaphylaxis
- Living with Anaphylaxis
- Minor allergic reactions
- Common causes of allergic reactions
- What is an Auto-Injector?
- Jext®
- EpiPen®
- Adrenaline nasal spray for anaphylaxis
- Storage and disposal
- Who prescribes auto injectors?
- Checking Auto Injector and Expiry Dates
- Signs and Symptoms of Anaphylaxis
- Basic First Aid Advice
- Schools and teachers
- Giving a second dose
- Biphasic Anaphylactic Response
- Administration of oxygen therapy
- What are Medical Gasses
- Oxygen
- When Oxygen is Used
- Contra Indications Of Oxygen
- Hazards of using oxygen
- Hypoxia
- BOC Oxygen Kit
- The BOC Cylinder
- Storage Of Oxygen
- PIN INDEX cylinder
- Oxygen Regulators
- Standard oxygen cylinder
- Transport of Cylinders
- How long does an Oxygen cylinder last?
- Oxygen and Anaphylaxis
- Demand Valves and MTV's
- Non Rebreather Mask
- Nasal Cannula
- Medical gas storage
- Mental Health
- Recognising mental ill health
- Mental Health definition and terminology
- Mental health, stereotyping, stigma and discrimination
- Who can be affected and what are the common triggers
- What is stress
- Anxiety
- Types of mental ill health
- Starting a discussion
- Supporting someone with suicidal thoughts
- What is signposting
- Self-harm and suicide risk
- Course Summary and your Practical Part
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Rapid Extrication
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So now what we are going to show you is a technique that actually is quite old but using modern technology. We used to use a system for rapid extrication called the Cincinnati roll. It came from America, and it was a way of using a blanket to extricate a patient from a car crash or from any situation where speed was critical. We must remember that rapid extrication is time-critical. So, we have got to look after the patient's back and neck, but we have also got to get that patient into a position where we can work on them at speed. So if we have got somebody in a cardiac arrest who is in the car, we cannot do CPR in the car, so we need to get them out onto the road surface and we need to do that in a safe way to protect our own backs, to protect the patient and the patient's neck. But obviously, time-critical, when you are talking about cardiac arrest. The only other times you would use this technique is when potentially the patient's life is in danger due to the car catching fire, chemicals. It is basically where we need and has a legitimate reason for moving that patient at speed, with equipment that we have easily at hand and that is safe and looks after ourselves in the process.When a patient goes unconscious, they lose muscle tone, so they become very floppy. So, anybody that has ever done this will realize that when you try to move that patient, they are dead weight and very difficult to move. And this is a technique using a 3-metre, 5-ton lifting strap, which is carried on every fire truck in the UK, to move that patient and bring them under control and protect their neck. So, for demonstration purposes, we are going to actually apply this to Rob whilst he is standing up, so you can actually see how it goes before we use it actually in the sitting position in a car itself. So, the first thing we do is we find the centre of the strop. So midpoint. Once we have a midpoint, midpoint goes to the centre of Rob's jaw around his neck, front to back. It is important it goes front to back. It will not work if you go back to the front. So, front to back is the first important point. The next thing that happens is the strap crosses around the back of the patient's neck. Now you can see what we have done is we have formed a collar. That collar, as we use the technique, will not tighten. We then come back to the front and complete the collar. So the collar now has gone all the way around Rob's neck and all the way back to the front.And then what we do is we take the tail ends underneath the arms and come back to the back of the patient, so we finish in this position. This position gives us then a safe lifting technique and a way of holding the patient without losing control of any of the body, because wherever I go, wherever I want the patient to go, they come with me. It protects the neck, so we get C spine immobilisation, it gives me a safe pair of handles to lift the patient, it takes the arm movement and chest movement out of the equation, so at all times, I have control. Once the patient is in the loop and fixed properly, all we then do is reach around the back of the patient, grab the tail end of the strap and grab the tail end of the strap on this side of the patient and the patient is now completely in my control.We then duck the patient's head underneath the car, so they have come underneath the headlining; totally in my control. We bring the patient towards my waist and the patient comes out of the car under control. We can then lie the patient back to the floor and the resuscitation can commence. We have put one around the upper part of the body. If we have the manpower and if we have two strops and all fire services normally carry two strops on their vehicle, we can actually do it under a more controlled manner, by placing the second strap across the lap, just above the knees, part the straps and feed one end back up through the centre, the second side back up through the centre, and we now have a perfect seat to extricate the patient. And I will now demonstrate how two people extricate the patient with two straps. So, now the second strop is in position, we get a second member of staff to help us. Mike, if you can take those leg straps for me.Yeah. Okay.And again, the person on the legs just controls the weight. The patient comes straight out of the car in a sitting position and is then lowered, either onto a spinal board, onto a scoop or onto the surface of the floor so we can now commence CPR. The technique does not put any strain on your lower back, because you have a set of handles at waist height to move the patient's body weight. Now, we are going to show the technique in real time. Please remember the warnings that go with this. This is a rapid extrication technique. It is a technique for getting a patient who is in cardiac arrest, or who is in a life-threatening situation without them being moved immediately, out of or away from danger. So, practice, practice, practice. It is not something that you can just do willy-nilly. Also, run it past your Health and Safety before using it, because they will have to sign it off. But it does protect your back. It does protect the patient. And it gives us a perfect lifting technique or moving technique for a patient in cardiac arrest. It can be used to get people out of tanks. It can be used to get people out of the water into boats. It is a technique that brings the body under control that protects the neck, protects the airway and gives us a way of putting handles onto a patient to move them safely in their hour of need.Also, remember the reason we say 5-ton lifting strop is because of the actual diameter and thickness of the strap itself. If we tried doing this with a piece of rope, for instance, it is too narrow and it tightens. Because of the dimensions, it is a perfect fit to the neck, so it produces a perfect collar and it does not tighten. Practice makes perfect. Be careful when using lifting techniques and remember it is for rapid extrication only.
Rapid Extrication Technique: The Cincinnati Roll
Introduction to the Technique
The Cincinnati roll is a method for rapid extrication, originating from America but utilising modern technology, to swiftly remove a patient from hazardous situations, such as car crashes, while ensuring neck and back safety.
Importance of Rapid Extrication
Time-critical scenarios, such as cardiac arrest or imminent danger from fire or chemicals, require fast but safe extrication techniques to protect both the patient and responders.
Application of the Technique
The Cincinnati roll involves using a 3-metre, 5-ton lifting strap, a standard equipment on fire trucks in the UK, to immobilise and move unconscious patients effectively.
Key Steps of the Technique
- Collar Formation: Place the midpoint of the strap around the centre of the patient's jaw, creating a collar that wraps securely around the neck.
- Secure Positioning: Cross the strap around the back of the neck, completing the collar, and secure the tail ends under the patient's arms.
- Controlled Lifting: Use the strap as handles to lift and control the patient's body, ensuring C-spine immobilisation and preventing excess movement.
Demonstration of the Technique
Practising the Cincinnati roll is essential for effective implementation:
- Two-Person Extrication: With two straps, one positioned around the upper body and the other across the lap, two responders can safely lift and extricate the patient from the vehicle.
- Real-Time Application: Practice the technique under supervision, ensuring compliance with health and safety regulations and proper patient care.
Conclusion
The Cincinnati roll offers a rapid and safe method for extricating patients in life-threatening situations, protecting both responders and patients from further harm. Regular practice and adherence to safety protocols are essential for successful implementation.
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